Things you need:

• Arduino
• Printer USB cable (Type B)
• Arduino Software

For linux you can run the software from bash or make a script. It is good to do sudo so you have all permissions for ports

• $arduino

After running the program, you can make or upload scripts. then comile and load

many examples in this document show examples of code. Unless in a code box, the examples will start with $ and follow some of hte principals in the linux page on this wiki.

IDEA!!!!!: Can write examples of if then (etc) operations of what would hapen if, and so on in the comments.

• 2015-03-14 Left off at:http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/AnalogReadSerial

void setup() {                   
 }
void loop() {
 }

• /*
• you can write notes that will not be part of the scripte with forward slash star
• then star forward slash to end
• */
• // You can also do just forward slash, forward slash space for a single line
• End of line
• Use semicolen at the end of each line, ex:
• pinMode(13, OUTPUT);

Unless othersiwse stated, pins are just indicated by numbers such as:

• pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
• delay([milliseconds])

Cast is a way of converting one type of data, to another type,

• such as float to int
• ([type])[var]
• type is things like float or int
• var is any variable or constant
• Example (to change a float brightness to a int brightness
• float bright = sensorValue * (255.0 / 1023.0);
• int bint; a way to define an int name, but give no value * float bflo; define float name, but give no value
• bflo = bright; sets what value the float is * bint = (int)bflo; this is the cast directive
• analogWrite(led, bint); for this example, it would cast the light as an int through a pwm pin and allow it to be an integer between 0-255 ==== Before void setup: ==== Before setup you can define things such as int * ==== void setup ==== More:http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/Setup. “The setup() function is called when a sketch starts. Use it to initialize variables, pin modes, start using libraries, etc. The setup function will only run once, after each powerup or reset of the Arduino board. ” ==== Within the void setup brackets {} ==== Numbers and more etc * int * int [var] = x: * This will define an integer with * [var] * name of integer * x * Any 16 bit number which is between -32,768 and 32,768. * If larger see: * http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/Int * Can also make x a sensor value or other things ex * int sensorvalue = analogRead(A0); * * float * float [var] = [val]; * [var] * name of float * [val] * 32bit number meant for decimal point value * * long * long [var] = [val][L] * for ding larger numbers that are 32bit but integers. * If doing math with integers, need to have L at end of number * ex: * long speedOfLight - 186000L * * Before operators: * * const * const [type] [name] = [var] * A constant will not change, so you can not use operations to change the int or float * * unsigned * unsigned [type] [name] = [var] * Unsigned will use the bit available per type in only positive. * for example for int, it will used:0 to 65,535 * instead of -32,768 and 32,768 * * * Modes * * pinMode([pin], [configuration]); * http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/DigitalPins * [pin] an be a number, or if defined int earlier, that int definition * [configuration] * INPUT * Requires very little impedence to take an input * OUTPUT * Send 40mA of curent * Note: it is a good idea to connect OUTPUT pins to other devices with 470Ω or 1k resistors, unless maximum current draw from the pins is required for a particular application. “ * INPUT_PULLUP * This needs more explanation but basically changes the ohm resistance for better? or Varied? inputs * * digitalWrite([pin], [value]) * [pin] * number of pin, or constant * [value] * HIGH * sends 5V (3.3V on 3.3V Boards) * Low * sends 0V * * digitalRead([pin]) * will read whatever value is active on [pin], often set is INPUT * may need to * * analogRead([pin]) * Will give an analog read between 0-1023 (10bit) * * if else * if ([if formula]) * { * then do this
• }
• else {
• then do this * } * Do not need else forumla as it will follow after if * can do: * else if ([if then formula) * { * Then do this
• }
• and chain together other paremiters, but be sure to end with basic else
• Do not need else, but watch out
• x == y (x is equal to y) !!! important to use 2 equals
• x != y (x is not equal to y)
• x < y (x is less than y)
• x > y (x is greater than y)
• x ⇐ y (x is less than or equal to y)
• x >= y (x is greater than or equal to y)
• [equation] || [equation] (|| equals OR)
• ! (equals NOT)
• && (equals AND)
• Serial
• http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/Serial
• Some pins are auto serial (kinda like the auto 5V or GND)
• But you can define a pin with:
• Serial.[options]([var]);
• [options]
• .begin
• Will beging sending output via the serial port at whatever baud rate. ex:
• Serial.begin(9600)
• Note: This only initializes the serial communication so you most likely want to put it in the setup area.
• .println
• This will send the serial the variablable. Such as:
• Serial.println([varialbe])
• Note: the variable here is not a pin, it needs to be something like an actual number, letter (ASCII) or an int defined somewhere else.
• .print(”[text]“)
• in this option, it will print text within the parenthesis
• [baud]
• The baud rate of the signal. Usually 9600
• Readouts
• millis()
• will return the ammount of millisconds since the prgrams has started

• Glossery:
• PWM = Pulse width modulation. Basically an analog modulation variable that sends an analog signal
• It can set the modulation at 8bit or 0-255. ex:
• analogWrite(127) which is about half.